rootspine:house-on-the-sundial
House on the Sundial
Keys by 17 December 2027, if the brief starts by 1 December 2026.
A four-bed family house, planned backwards from the day its keys change hands and placed on the beach's shared clock: 455 tasks, ten participants, one spine. For keys by Friday 17 December 2027, 200 simulated builds say start by Tuesday 1 December 2026 for nine chances in ten; the plain backcast date, Monday 14 December, is a coin flip.
- Start by
- Tue 1 Dec 202690% of 200 simulated builds; Mon 14 Dec is a coin flip
- On site
- Wed 2 Jun 2027after about 15 working weeks with the council
- Weathertight
- Thu 9 Sep 2027roof on, windows in
- Keys
- Fri 17 Dec 2027planned handover 23 Nov, then the buffer
- The plan
- 455 tasksten hands, 758 steps
- Modelled, not quoted. Durations are typical medians for a UK four-bed build. There is no site, client, price or contract yet; securing a serviced plot comes before the brief and is not in the model.
- Confidence. In 200 simulated builds a 14 December start meets the keys date 48.5% of the time and a 1 December start 90%. The simulation leaves out a planning refusal, council delays beyond a fifth, no-shows, rework and client changes, so these are upper bounds.
- The constraint. About 15 working weeks of the chain sit with the council before work starts. Conditions are modelled at five weeks against a statutory eight.
- No money is sought. This page describes a plan. It is not an offer or an invitation to invest.
Words used on this page
- Beach
- a public commons of JSON blocks at beach.happyseaurchin.com, readable by anyone, person or LLM
- Block
- one named JSON document on the beach, its parts addressed by digits
- Spine
- the project's block of states: what must be true by each date
- Seat
- one trade's share of the programme, in a block of its own; a person never speaks through it
- Mirror
- a participant's own block of commitments, at the same addresses as the spine
- Fold
- every voice at one address, read together
- Sundial address
- a date written as ten digits: year, quarter, month of the quarter, seven-day band, day, gathering, beat
- Gathering
- a ninth of the day, 2 hours 40 minutes; the working day 08:00 to 16:00 is gatherings 4, 5 and 6
- Rung (pscale)
- the scale a digit stands for, from the beat at 0 to the millennium at 9
- Backcast
- planning back from a fixed end date to the start it needs
Fri 17 Dec 2027
2027 4 3 3 3 00sundial address of the day
PhaseCommissioning and handover
Last gatePlanned handover · Tue 23 Nov
Next gatenone: buffer runs to Fri 17 Dec
Working this week–
From the seats this week–
The full levelled plan, every one of the 455 tasks on a sundial of rings with the 200 simulated builds, is the companion page House on the sundial.
1step 1 of the brief
The house
The test project is a detached four-bedroom house in the West Midlands, built by ten hands in a year: design and approvals through winter and spring, on site from June, keys before Christmas 2027.
What gets built
Two storeys of brick-and-block cavity wall under a tiled, trussed roof, heated by an air-source heat pump. Fifteen rooms and eighteen windows, with a driveway, patio, soakaway drainage and a car charger.
- Ground floor: hall, living room, kitchen-diner, utility, cloakroom and study.
- First floor: four bedrooms, two with en-suites, a family bathroom, the landing and a plant cupboard.
- Structure: trench-fill foundations, a beam-and-block ground floor, engineered first-floor joists, a steel beam over the rear doors and roof trusses.
- Services: underfloor heating downstairs, radiators upstairs, a heat pump with an unvented cylinder.
- Finishes: liquid screed, engineered oak, LVT and carpet, tiled bathrooms and a fitted kitchen.
The dates that frame the year
- Brief agreed: Monday 14 December 2026.
- Planning permission: Tuesday 20 April 2027, with the builder appointed the next day.
- On site: Wednesday 2 June 2027.
- Weathertight: Thursday 9 September 2027.
- First fix complete: Thursday 30 September 2027.
- Planned handover: Tuesday 23 November 2027, followed by 17.6 working days of buffer.
- Keys promised: Friday 17 December 2027.
The ten participants
Each participant has a seat on the beach: a mirror holding its share of the programme. Teams is how many crews that hand can field at once. The strip under each hand shows its crew-hours week by week, from the brief to the keys.
Client
2 teams · 13 jobs · 126 h
Brief, choices, tenders, contract, keys.
Architect
1 team · 14 jobs · 440 h
Survey, design, planning, regulations, structure.
Site manager
2 teams · 44 jobs · 184 h
Orders, deliveries, inspections, warranty, the weekly plan.
Groundworker
1 team · 21 jobs · 280 h
Trial pits, foundations, ground floor, drains, driveway.
Bricklayer
1 team · 30 jobs · 332 h
Blockwork, brickwork, lintels, the steel beam, gables.
Carpenter
2 teams · 69 jobs · 390 h
Joists, trusses, windows, doors, stairs, kitchen.
Roofer
1 team · 11 jobs · 104 h
Membrane, battens, tiles, fascias, gutters.
Electrician
1 team · 40 jobs · 180 h
First and second fix, meter, charger, certificate.
Plumber
1 team · 34 jobs · 190 h
Pipework, underfloor heating, heat pump, bathrooms.
Plasterer & decorator
3 teams · 123 jobs · 544 h
Boards, skim, screed, tiling, paint, floors.
The plan tests method and time; cost and ownership come next.
- Durations are typical medians for a UK build of this kind, not quotes, and not taken from a cited dataset.
- Safe durations are a flat 1.6 times the median (1.25 times for waits), so the buffer's size follows that choice.
- A team is one crew of unstated size, so crew-hours are not yet labour-hours or costs.
- There is no site, client, price or contract yet. Securing a serviced plot, with insurance, the Community Infrastructure Levy, a highways crossover and street naming, comes before the brief and is not in the model.
1.1step 2 of the brief
The method
The plan was built backwards in six steps: fix the outcome, ask what must be true before it, turn each necessity into jobs, find the chain, set the start, and place every job on the clock.
- 1
Fix the reference
Keys on Friday 17 December 2027, a week before the Christmas shutdown. Every other date derives from this one.
- 2
Work back by necessity
From the keys, ask what must be true first, and why. Each answer is a because: "Keys wait for the completion certificate, because lenders and the warranty need it." Nineteen such statements carry the logic.
- 3
Turn necessities into jobs
Each state becomes jobs, each with one owner among the ten, a median duration, a safe duration and its steps. Council periods and lead times become waits; milestones become gates.
- 4
Find the chain and pool the safety
The critical path gives the logic, and levelling by crew gives the critical chain. The safety hidden in each job is taken out and pooled as one buffer at the end.
- 5
Backcast the start
Scheduling back from the keys, less the buffer, gives a start of Monday 14 December 2026. Two hundred simulated builds, with weather, lead times, late windows and inspection delays, turn that into start dates by confidence.
- 6
Place every job on the sundial
Each job sits at the smallest period of the canonical clock that holds both its start and its end. Its steps sit at the gatherings or days beneath; the address is the date and the depth is the scale.
Read it backwards
Ten of the nineteen because statements in the plan, in reverse date order from the keys to the brief. Each state is a necessary condition for some state above it, for the reason given.
- Tue 23 Nov 2027Planned handoverKeys wait for the completion certificate, because lenders and the warranty need it.
- Mon 15 Nov 2027Completion inspectionBuilding Control won't sign off without the electrical, energy and heat pump certificates.
- Wed 27 Oct 2027Heat pump commissionedThe heat pump can't be commissioned on temporary power.
- Wed 13 Oct 2027Plastering completeDecoration waits about a week, because paint on wet plaster fails.
- Thu 30 Sep 2027First fix completeBoarding waits for first fix and its inspection, because cables and pipes behind plaster can't be checked or changed cheaply.
- Thu 9 Sep 2027WeathertightInternal work waits for weathertight, because rain ruins cables, timber and plasterboard.
- Fri 11 Jun 2027Windows deliveredWindows can't be fitted until they arrive, and they take seven weeks to make.
- Fri 28 May 2027Conditions dischargedStarting before pre-commencement conditions are discharged can make the permission unusable.
- Tue 20 Apr 2027Planning permissionNothing is built before permission, because work without it risks enforcement.
- Mon 19 Apr 2027Building regulations approvedOrders for structure wait for approved drawings, because trusses, joists and steel are made to them.
- Mon 14 Dec 2026The briefBrief, budget and priorities agreed: the start the whole chain backcasts to.
1.1.1step 3 of the brief
The theory
Four traditions meet in the method: backcasting sets the direction, Theory of Constraints orders the necessities and finds the bottleneck, the critical path times the work, and Last Planner keeps weekly promises reliable.
Robinson (1982), after Lovins (1976)
Start from a desired future, then work back to now.
Amory Lovins's "soft energy path" (Foreign Affairs, 1976) argued from a desired energy future back to present policy. John B. Robinson named the method backcasting in Energy Policy (1982) and set out its fundamentals in Futures (1990). Karl Dreborg (1996) stressed that it is normative, and John Holmberg and Karl-Henrik Robèrt (2000) built it into The Natural Step's framework.
Its part hereThe reference and the backward order.
Goldratt (1984 to 1997)
One constraint limits the whole; necessity trees; pooled buffers.
Eliyahu M. Goldratt's The Goal (1984) argued that one constraint limits any system, and It's Not Luck (1994) set out the thinking processes. Among them, the prerequisite tree links an objective, its obstacles and the intermediate objectives that overcome them, by necessity. Critical Chain (1997) adds resources to project logic and pools each task's hidden safety into shared buffers.
Its part hereThe because statements, the council, the chain and its buffer.
Ballard and Howell (1994)
Plan in levels, commit only to what can be done, measure promises kept.
Glenn Ballard and Greg Howell developed the system in 1994 and founded the Lean Construction Institute in 1997; Ballard's 2000 PhD at the University of Birmingham sets it out. Planning runs in levels: master, phase, a six-week lookahead that makes work ready, the weekly plan and a daily huddle. Percent Plan Complete (PPC) is promises kept over promises made, across five conversations: Should, Can, Will, Did, Learn.
Its part hereHow ten hands keep promises week by week.
Kelley and Walker (1957)
Earliest and latest times through a network of jobs.
The critical path method came from James E. Kelley Jr of Remington Rand and Morgan R. Walker of DuPont in 1957; PERT came from the US Navy's Polaris programme in 1958. Kelley (1961) framed the time–cost trade-off as a parametric linear program, and D. R. Fulkerson (1961) solved it as a network flow. Linear programming itself goes back to Leonid Kantorovich (1939) and George Dantzig's simplex method (1947).
Its part hereFloat, the critical path, the levelled programme.
Backcasting gives the direction, constraints the focus, the critical path the timing and Last Planner the reliability. The sundial adds a shared address: every participant, and anyone's LLM, reads and writes the plan at the same places, not only those standing at the board.
1.1.1.1step 4 of the brief
The clock and the blocks
Every job lives at an address on the canonical clock, a ten-digit number that is also a date; the plan lives on the beach as one spine and ten seats written at those addresses.
The rungs
Each digit is a rung of scale, from the beat at pscale 0 to the millennium at pscale 9; the root, pscale 10, holds the project's line.
- Beat, pscale 0: about 18 minutes.
- Gathering, pscale 1: 2 hours 40 minutes.
- Day, pscale 2.
- Seven-day band, pscale 3: days 1–7, 8–14, 15–21, 22–28 and 29–31.
- Month, pscale 4.
- Season, pscale 5: a quarter of the year.
- Year, decade, century and millennium: pscale 6 to 9.
Placement by shared prefix
Thu 29 Jul 202720273151
Mon 2 Aug 202720273212
Shared prefix 20273: season 3 of 2027. The blockwork between them sits there, two rungs above the seven-day band its day and a half deserves.
A job's start and end addresses share a prefix, and the job sits at the node that prefix names. A two-hour job inside one gathering sits in that gathering, a two-day job inside one seven-day band sits in that band, and a job crossing a month end rises to the season. The rule gives orientation, not distance.
The family on the beach
spine:house-2027the states, what must be true by each address.house-2027:<trade>ten seats named for trades, holding the programme's allocation of jobs and steps, never anyone's promise; a person who takes up a trade writes their own mirror beside its seat.house-2027the fold, every voice at one address read together, computed by anyone.function:house-2027the family's law, mounting function:backcast.pool:house-2027the room for talk about the house as a whole.
The ten seatsclientarchitectsite-managergroundworkerbricklayercarpenterrooferelectricianplumberplasterer-decorator
The spine voices the states. Each mirror commits what its author will do at future addresses and says done, doing or blocked at past ones. The fold reads every voice per address and rolls each closed span into its parent; this family runs fixed, its spine voiced to the day in advance.
People walk the family at happyseaurchin.com/walk/house-2027. Any LLM can read it without a key at the beach's public endpoint beach.happyseaurchin.com↗.
1.1.1.1.1step 5 of the brief
Ten hands through the year
Ten participants work the plan through three portals: rendered pages to see it, the mirror to write their own commitments, and their own LLM to read and draft at any address.
The three portals
O-pages
Rendered pages at happyseaurchin.com (/walk, /fold, /next, /now), read with one's own eyes.
The client checks the week and a backer checks progress, with no account and no AI.
Mirror
mirror.onen.ai: each participant's own shell, where they type.
Done, doing or blocked at today's address; promises for the next seven days at the band's address.
LLM-app
A person's own Claude or ChatGPT through bsp-mcp, or any LLM reading the public endpoint.
The architect's LLM drafts commitments, the site manager's folds the week, an outside reader's checks the dates.
The rhythm
Last Planner's five conversations land on the sundial's rungs.
- ShouldSeasonPhase states pulled back from the next gateO-pagesLLM-app
- CanNext six weeksDrawings, deliveries, inspections and access made readyLLM-app
- WillSeven-day bandEach hand commits at the band's addressMirror
- DidDayDone, doing or blocked at today's addressMirror
- LearnClosing spanThe fold rolls up: promises kept, and why any slippedO-pages
Who works when
Crew-hours by hand, week by week, with the council and the suppliers as the two outside clocks. The line follows the date in the drawing above.
tableCrew-hours by hand and month
| Dec 26 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Client | 24 | 24 | 48 | 4 | 22 | · | · | · | · | · | · | 4 | · |
| Architect | 40 | 144 | 160 | 72 | 16 | · | · | · | · | · | · | 8 | · |
| Site manager | · | · | · | 40 | 26 | 9 | 30 | 14 | 6 | 17 | 2 | 40 | · |
| Groundworker | 16 | · | · | · | · | 3 | 135 | 9 | · | 91 | 25 | · | · |
| Bricklayer | · | · | · | · | · | · | 32 | 139 | 160 | 1 | · | · | · |
| Carpenter | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | 60 | 58 | 96 | 152 | 24 | · |
| Roofer | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | 56 | 48 | · | · | · |
| Electrician | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | 111 | 47 | 22 | · |
| Plumber | · | · | · | · | 10 | · | · | · | · | 97 | 75 | 8 | · |
| Plasterer & decorator | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | 26 | 472 | 46 | · |
Season by season
- December 2026: the client agrees the brief on Monday 14 December and appoints the architect and engineer; survey and trial pits before Christmas.
- Season 1, January to March 2027: concept chosen Friday 15 January; the planning application goes in Friday 5 February; regulations drawings and the tender follow.
- Season 2, April to June: regulations approved 19 April, permission 20 April, builder appointed 21 April and orders placed; conditions discharged 28 May; on site Wednesday 2 June; foundations in 17 June.
- Season 3, July to September: ground floor complete 1 July; walls, scaffold, joists, trusses and roof; weathertight 9 September; first fix complete 30 September.
- Season 4, October to December: external works done 5 October; plastering done 13 October; second fix, kitchen, bathrooms, decoration and floors by 8 November; handover planned 23 November, with buffer to 17 December.
Where hands meet
Handoffs are where voices converge. Trusses need the carpenter and then the roofer; weathertight needs the roof and the windows; first fix puts electrician, plumber and carpenter in the same rooms. The fold at those addresses shows who meets whom, and when.
An example day
At 07:50 the bricklayer opens the day's address on a phone and sees the courses due. At 16:05 they mark the day done in their mirror, or blocked with the reason. On Friday the site manager's LLM folds the week: promises made, promises kept.
1.1.1.1.1.1step 6 of the brief
What the test found
The method gives a start date for any confidence: Tuesday 1 December 2026 for 90% in the model, Monday 14 December for a coin flip. The buffer is too thin, the council is the constraint, and most short jobs sit a rung too high until aligned.
When to start
Keys across 200 simulated builds
P10 Tue 7 Dec 2027Median Mon 20 Dec 2027P90 Mon 10 Jan 2028
The constraint
| Start by, backcast | Monday 14 December 2026 |
|---|---|
| Start by for 80% and 90% confidence | Thursday 3 December and Tuesday 1 December 2026 |
| Keys across 200 simulated builds | 7 December 2027 (P10), 20 December 2027 (median), 10 January 2028 (P90) |
| On time with the root-square buffer | 48.5% of builds |
| Buffer used by the median build | 106% |
| Cost of levelling by crew | 35 working days (199.4 to 234.5) |
| The council's share of the chain | About 15 working weeks |
| Rung fit before and after alignment | 43.1% and 87.7%, for 4.4 days |
| Simulated Percent Plan Complete | 86.9%, optimistic |
The buffer
The root-square rule assumes risks are independent; weather and supply delays are not, so the buffer under-protects. Only 1 build in 200 meets the chain's own end, 23 November, and 51.5% overrun the promise. Goldratt's rule of thumb, half the work on the chain, would give 66.2 days instead of 17.6; the simulation says starting about nine working days earlier gives 90% in the model.
The constraint
The council holds about 15 working weeks of the chain: two to validate, eight to determine and five to discharge conditions. Five is the model's assumption; the statutory period for conditions is eight weeks, which would move every start date about three weeks earlier. Theory of Constraints says exploit the constraint first: submit the condition details with the application, which can remove most of that wait.
Rung fit
85% of misfits are jobs of a day or less: short jobs that cross a gathering boundary, and half-day and day jobs that run past 16:00 into the next day. A day and a half of blockwork from Thursday 29 July to Monday 2 August sits at the season node, two rungs above its seven-day band, because it crosses a month end. Letting the scheduler spend up to two days of float lifts fit to 87.7%; declaring Monday-to-Friday weeks barely helps.
Promises
The simulated weekly PPC is 86.9% because the model re-plans perfectly every week. The Lean Construction Institute reports that only 54% of planned work gets done in a typical week; Ballard treats 70% as the level where gains begin.
The last critical run
The kitchen worktop closes the chain: templated once the units are fixed and level, two weeks of fabrication, then fitting.
What the simulation leaves out
A planning refusal, council delays beyond a fifth, no-shows, rework and client changes; it also re-plans perfectly each week. The confidence figures are upper bounds.
1.1.1.1.1.1.1step 7 of the brief
Loosening the plan
A house fixes its plan to the day; the same method loosens by raising one dial, the finest rung the spine voices in advance.
The fixity rung
The beach's backcast law voices only the reference and the live path, which is fixity at the top. A construction programme voices every rung down to the day. One number separates them: the finest rung written in advance.
- A house: fixed to the day. Necessity is physical, durations are known, inspections are mandatory.
- A maths syllabus: fixed to the term. Necessity is conceptual: fractions before ratio, ratio before proportion.
- A social venture: fixed to the reference. Only the far aim is fixed; each voice writes its own path.
- A Lego model: fixed to every step. One builder and one numbered sequence: it fits trivially and tests nothing.
A maths syllabus
A syllabus fixes the term and voices weeks and days as teacher and pupils arrive at them. Its necessity tree is the curriculum's prerequisites, and Theory of Constraints thinking tools are already taught to children.
What the beach still lacks
Last Planner's Can: a make-ready log of constraints cleared ahead of the work. Without it, a mirror can only report BLOCKED after the fact.
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1step 8 of the brief
Ownership and funding
The plan already says when money and hands are needed; who owns the house is the next calculation, comparing four routes.
When money is needed
A dated need for every resource: design and surveys from December to March, council fees in February and March, deposits for windows, trusses, joists, steel, kitchen and heat pump in late April, and trades from June. Each gate is a natural point to pay for completed stages, and the hours by hand are known.
Four routes
Four ways the house could be owned, to be costed side by side.
Conventional investment
A lender or investor funds land and build, and ownership follows title and shares.
Crowdfunding the build
Many backers fund the whole. In the UK, loan-based and investment-based crowdfunding are regulated by the FCA; donation and reward schemes are not.
Shared ownership by contribution
Hands give hours, suppliers materials and a landholder the plot. Each contribution is recorded at its address, and shares are agreed against the record.
Ecosquared
People direct vector-money at the house's horizons and share it forward. The spine becomes the Projection Map of how far ahead the house is resourced.
Precedents
UK law already supports parts of this. Councils keep self-build and custom housebuilding registers and must permission enough serviced plots to meet them. Community land trusts hold land for a local community and are controlled by their members.
Fulcrum's proposal
Fulcrum's Volume 3 treats money as a vector: directed by people towards future objectives, it makes intentions visible. Volume 2 proposes that money converted into living credits buys conjoint ownership of land and buildings, which turns ownership into stewardship.
In an AI-saturated world
Coordinating many small owners used to cost more than it saved. With each hand's LLM keeping its mirror and anyone able to compute the fold, that cost falls.
The next calculation
- Cost by phase, and the land.
- Who holds title, and how a share is earned.
- How an hour of work compares with a pound.
- What a backer receives, and when.
- Who carries the 51.5% chance of an overrun.
Not an offer
This document describes a plan. No money is sought, and nothing in it is an offer or an invitation to invest.
beachwhere the project lives
Open it yourself
The house is a family of blocks on a public commons. People read it on rendered pages, participants write to it from their own mirror, and any LLM can read it without a key.
With your own eyes
Walk the programme month by month at happyseaurchin.com/walk/house-2027. The full levelled plan, with its dial and the 200 simulated builds, is a companion page, House on the sundial.
As a participant
Take up a trade by writing your own mirror, house-2027:<your handle>, at the same addresses as its seat, in your own words, at mirror.onen.ai. A seat is the plan's word for a trade, never a person's.
Through your LLM
Paste this into any assistant that can read the web.
Read this building programme from the beach, keyless: https://beach.happyseaurchin.com/.well-known/pscale-beach?block=spine:house-2027 Each ten-digit address in it is a date (year, quarter, month of the quarter, seven-day band, day, gathering, beat). If this brief is also there, read it down digit 1: https://beach.happyseaurchin.com/.well-known/pscale-beach?block=spine:house-on-the-sundial Tell me whether the plan is feasible, what it leaves out, what the main risks are, and what I would need to know before taking part.Copied
- spine:house-on-the-sundialThis brief, as a document block: read down 1, side-rooms at 2 to 8.ready to place
- spine:house-2027The programme: every state from the keys back to the brief, at floor 10.live
- function:house-2027The family law: backcast form, fixed mode, the ten seats.live
- pool:house-2027The room for talk about the house as a whole.live
This page carries its own copy of the brief block. Served from happyseaurchin.com, it reads the block live from the beach.
8a side-room of the root
Sources
The references this brief stands on, grouped by tradition, each with its link; opened and checked on 17 October 2026.
Backcasting
- Backcasting, Wikipedia: Robinson (1982, 1990) and Dreborg (1996).
- Lovins (1976), Energy Strategy: The Road Not Taken?, Foreign Affairs, via Yale Energy History.
- Robinson (1982), Energy backcasting: a proposed method of policy analysis, Energy Policy 10(4).
- Holmberg and Robèrt (2000), Backcasting from non-overlapping sustainability principles, International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology 7.
Theory of Constraints
- Prerequisite Tree, TOC Institute.
- Critical chain project management theory, PMI.
- Yani's Goal: TOC thinking skills for children, TOC-Goldratt.
Last Planner System
- Ballard (2000), The Last Planner System of Production Control, PhD thesis, University of Birmingham.
- The History of LCI, Lean Construction Institute.
- Last Planner System: the five levels and PPC, Mastt.
Critical path and linear programming
- Project network models: past, present and future, PMI.
- Kelley (1961), Critical-Path Planning and Scheduling: Mathematical Basis, Operations Research 9(3).
- Fulkerson (1961), A Network Flow Computation for Project Cost Curves, Management Science 7(2).
UK rules and routes
- Determining a planning application, GOV.UK: eight weeks for minor development.
- Development Management Procedure Order 2015, article 27, eight weeks to decide on details reserved by condition.
- Full plans, Planning Portal: five weeks, or two months by agreement.
- Site inspections required at various stages, Maldon District Council.
- How the FCA will regulate crowdfunding, Financial Conduct Authority, 2013.
- Self-build and custom housebuilding, GOV.UK.
- Housing and Regeneration Act 2008, section 79, the statutory definition of a community land trust.
Fulcrum and the beach
- David Pinto, Fulcrum: Volume 2 (Open Business; Action Cycle) and Volume 3 (Ecosquared; Sqale).
- function:backcast, the backcast law.
- function:document, the document form this text takes on the beach.
- proposal:three-portals, the three portals.